Das deutsche Python-Forum

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#!/usr/bin/env python3

import time


class ausgabe():
    def __init__(self, anzahl):
        self.anzahl = anzahl
    
    print("Start!")
    
    def rechnen(self):
        while anzahl > 0:
            time.sleep(1)
            if anzahl == 5:
                print("Abbruch")
                break
            print(anzahl)
            anzahl = anzahl + 1
        else: 
            print("Fertig!")
            
ausgabe = ausgabe.rechnen(2)

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ausgabe = ausgabe(2).rechnen()

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#!/usr/bin/env python3


import time


def print_number(start):
    print("Start!")
    for i in range(start, 5):
        time.sleep(1)
        print(i)
    print("Fertig!")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print_number(2)

Code: Alles auswählen

import time

class Ausgabe:
    def __init__(self, anzahl):
        self.anzahl = anzahl
        print("Start!")
   
    def rechnen(self):
        while self.anzahl > 0:
            time.sleep(1)
            if self.anzahl == 5:
                print("Abbruch")
                break
            print(self.anzahl)
            self.anzahl += 1
        else:
            print("Fertig!")
           
a = Ausgabe(2)
a.rechnen()

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class File:

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self._is_open = False
        self._mode = None

    def open(self, mode):
        if self._is_open:
            raise Exception('file already open')
        # <-- hier sollte das tatsächliche Öffnen der Datei stattfinden
        self._mode = mode
        self._is_open = True

    def close(self):
        if not self._is_open:
            raise Exception('file is not open')
        # <-- hier sollte das tatsächliche Schließen der Datei stattfinden
        self._mode = None
        self._is_open = False

    def read(self):
        if not self._is_open:
            raise Exception('file is not open')
        if not self._mode == "r":
            raise Exception('file was not opened in read mode')
        # <-- hier sollte das tatsächliche lesen aus der Datei stattfinden
        return ...

    def write(self, data):
        if not self._is_open:
            raise Exception('file is not open')
        if not self._mode == "w":
            raise Exception('file was not opened in write mode')
        # <-- hier sollte das tatsächliche Schreiben in die Datei stattfinden

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def write_some_state_to_file(state, out_file):
    data = str(state)
    out_file.open()
    out_file.write(data)
    out_file.close()

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class PseudoFileThatWritesToScreen:

    def open(self, mode):
        pass

    def close(self):
        pass

    def write(self, data):
        print(data)

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some_number = 123
screen_with_file_interface = PseudoFileThatWritesToScreen()
write_some_state_to_file(some_number, screen_with_file_interface)

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from datetime import datetime
from uuid import uuid4

class Order:

    def __init__(self, customer_id, line_items):
        self._id = uuid4()
        self._customer_id = customer_id
        self._line_items = tuple(line_items)
        self._date_placed = datetime.now()

class Customer:

     def __init__(self, id, name, address):
        self._id = id
        self._name = name
        self._address = address
        self._cart = []
        self._orders = []

    def add_line_item_to_cart(self, article_id, amount):
        if amount < 1:
            raise Exception('cannot add zero or negative amount to cart.')
        self._cart.append([article_id, amount])

    def place_order(self):
        self._orders.append(Order(self._id, self._cart))
        self._cart = []

    def get_all_ordered_articles(self, db):
        article_ids = set()
        for order in self._orders:
            for article_id, amount in order.line_items:
                article_ids.add(article_id)
        articles = ...  # <-- get articles by id from db
        return articles

class Article:
    ...

...

customer = Customer(uuid4(), 'Joe Shmoe', 'Somewhere Street 123 in Sometown')
article = Article(...)
customer.add_line_item_to_cart(article.id, 3)
customer.place_order()