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import os

def finde_programme_mit_strengem_pdf_mimetype_und_namen():
    suchpfade = [
        "/usr/share/applications",
        os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share/applications"),
        "/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share/applications",
        os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share/applications")
    ]

    erlaubte_mimetypes = {"application/pdf", "application/x-pdf"}
    verbotene_namen = {"calibre", "image", "window"}

    ergebnisse = []

    for verzeichnis in suchpfade:
        if not os.path.exists(verzeichnis):
            continue

        for datei in os.listdir(verzeichnis):
            if not datei.endswith(".desktop"):
                continue

            pfad = os.path.join(verzeichnis, datei)
            try:
                with open(pfad, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="ignore") as f:
                    lines = f.readlines()

                name = None
                mimetype = ""

                for zeile in lines:
                    if zeile.startswith("Name="):
                        name = zeile.strip().split("=", 1)[-1]
                    elif zeile.startswith("MimeType="):
                        full_mime = zeile.strip().split("=", 1)[-1]
                        pdf_types = [
                            m for m in full_mime.split(";")
                            if m.strip().lower() in erlaubte_mimetypes
                        ]
                        mimetype = ";".join(pdf_types)

                if not mimetype or not name:
                    continue

                # Namen filtern
                name_lower = name.lower()
                if any(verboten in name_lower for verboten in verbotene_namen):
                    continue

                ergebnisse.append((name, mimetype))

            except Exception:
                continue

    return ergebnisse

# Ausgabe
if __name__ == "__main__":
    ergebnisse = finde_programme_mit_strengem_pdf_mimetype_und_namen()
    print("📄 Final gefilterte PDF-Programme:\n")
    for name, mimetype in ergebnisse:
        print(f"{name:<30} → {mimetype}")

Code: Alles auswählen

def finde_verfügbare_pdf_viewer():
    erlaubte_mimetypes = {"application/pdf", "application/x-pdf"}
    verbotene_namen = {"calibre", "image", "window"}

    viewer_dict = {}

    # Durchlaufe alle .desktop-Dateien in XDG-konformen Pfaden
    for verzeichnis in BaseDirectory.load_data_paths("applications"):
        if not os.path.exists(verzeichnis):
            continue
        for root, _, files in os.walk(verzeichnis):
            for datei in files:
                if not datei.endswith(".desktop"):
                    continue
                pfad = os.path.join(root, datei)
                try:
                    eintrag = DesktopEntry.DesktopEntry(pfad)

                    name = eintrag.getName()
                    exec_line = eintrag.getExec()
                    mimetypes = eintrag.getMimeTypes()

                    if not name or not exec_line or not mimetypes:
                        continue

                    if any(wort in name.lower() for wort in verbotene_namen):
                        continue

                    if not any(mt in erlaubte_mimetypes for mt in mimetypes):
                        continue

                    befehl = shlex.split(exec_line)
                    befehl = [arg for arg in befehl if not arg.startswith("%")]

                    if befehl and name not in viewer_dict:
                        viewer_dict[name] = befehl

                except Exception:
                    continue

    viewer_dict["System-Standard (xdg-open)"] = ["xdg-open"]
    return dict(sorted(viewer_dict.items()))