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li = [1,2,3,5,12]

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li = [1,2,3,4,5,12]

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[first for first, second in enumerate(li) if first+1 != second][0] + 1

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(first for first, second in enumerate(li) if first+1 != second).next() + 1

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def find_spaces(iterable):
    last = None
    for item in iterable:
        if last is not None and last + 1 != item:
            yield last
        last = item

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def find_gap(list):
    first = list[0]
    step = len(list)
    pos = step/2
    while True:
        step /= 2
        if pos >= len(list):
            pos = len(list)-1
        if list[pos] != first + pos:
            if step == 0:
                return pos
            pos -= step
        else:
            pos += step
        if step == 0:
            return False

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In [12]: li = [0,1,2,12,23,43,255]

In [13]: [first for first, second in enumerate(li) if first+1 != second][0] + 1
Out[13]: 1

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from itertools import count, groupby, imap, izip
from operator import itemgetter


def search_first_gap(iterable):
    dummy, before_gap = groupby(izip(iterable, count()),
                                key=lambda (a, b): a - b).next()
    return max(imap(itemgetter(0), before_gap)) + 1


def main():
    data = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12]
    print search_first_gap(data)

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def find_spaces(iterable):
	last = None
	for item in iterable:
		if last is not None and last + 1 != item:
			yield last+1
		last = item